"Membership in the family of God is neither inconsequential or something to be casually ignored. The church is God's agenda for the world. Jesus said, "I will build my church, and all the powers of hell will not conquer it." The church is indestructable and will exist for eternity. It will outlive this universe, and so will your role in it."

- Rick Warren
On the Christian's Literary Frequency

This is a companion piece of sorts to this post on how Christian fiction depicts the conversion experience.

A while back, someone wrote Roger Ebert and asked him why critics loved Lost in Translation so much while audiences in general didn?t even appreciate it. Ebert responded that the film transmitted on a different ?frequency? than audiences are accustomed to receiving. (I was reminded of this tidbit from Ebert?s Movie Answer Man column only a couple days later while overhearing a conversation in a restaurant in which two men?s discussion of the movie showed no hints of knowing even what it was about.)

It works the same way with books, I think. I hate to keep slamming the broader genre known as ?Christian fiction;? and I hate even more to keep slamming Christian readers (especially since I?m one and so are most people I know). But I?ve had enough conversations in the last few years (and read enough posts in the last year) to know that others are just as critical of the mediocre state of Christian fiction as I am.

May I please add the taste Christian readers seem to have for mediocrity?
Is it a supply problem or a demand problem? I think it?s both, which means the Christian publishing industry (and Christian retail in general, really) is in a vicious cycle of sorts. Publishers print what sells and until readers start buying substantive literature, publishers won?t produce it. But if publishers aren?t producing it in the first place, then readers don?t even have the opportunity to buy it. So basically, Christian readers are consuming drivel because they don?t perceive any other option (in the Christian bookstore, that is).

The unfortunate side effect of that, though, is that we are producing generations of Christians whose literary appetites are for junk food.

Quickly and surely, Christians have developed a different literary frequency. It?s part of the larger culture, to be sure. It?s certainly not limited to Christians. Our country has set its dial to King, Clancy, and Grisham. Not that there?s anything really wrong (or even ?dumb?) about those authors or others who fall into the wide swath of pop fiction. But folks programmed to receive only on those frequencies will likely miss the deeper, more insightful, more poetic messages of the classics. Or even contemporary literary novelists. Ever read a book by Don DeLillo? How about J.K. Rowling? I?d be willing to bet more of you have read authors like the latter than authors like the former.

Again, nothing wrong with that, I guess. I?m a fan of Stephen King myself. But when intelligent friends of mine say that they have no taste for poetry, I get a little concerned. Not only does it mean we are lessening the chances of publication for future writers of intelligent and substantive literary Christian fiction, but it also means that we are losing touch with those who have gone before us. Because our senses have been dulled, we are unable to appreciate (and sometimes to even understand) what is written in the classics, including the classics of Christian fiction. (Yes, there are some.)

C.S. Lewis?s ?Space Trilogy? was published only about sixty years ago. At the time, it was considered unabashed genre fiction ? science fiction, to be specific. These days, I?m afraid Lewis?s Trilogy would be considered too difficult, too thick, too confusing for modern readers.
Here?s an excerpt from C.S. Lewis?s That Hideous Strength, the passage that inspired this rant of mine:

But it did not matter: for all the fragments ? needle-pointed desires, brisk merriments, lynx-eyed thoughts ? went rolling to and fro like glittering drops and reunited themselves. It was well that both men had some knowledge of poetry. The doubling, splitting, and recombining of thoughts which now went on in them would have been unendurable for one whom that art had not already instructed in the counterpoint of the mind, the mastery of doubled and trebled vision. For Ransom, whose study had been for many years in the realm of words, it was heavenly pleasure. He found himself sitting within the very heart of language, in the white-hot furnace of essential speech. All fact was broken, splashed into cataracts, caught, turned inside out, kneaded, slain, and reborn as meaning. For the lord of Meaning himself, the herald, the messenger, the slayer of Argus, was with them . . .

Besides the sheer beauty of the composition here, I see also a peculiar prescience in these words. For most readers weaned today on the worst Christian fiction has to offer (which is usually what sells best), this passage (not to mention the entire book) would be completely confounding. You won?t find ?the very heart of language, the white-hot furnace of essential speech? in Left Behind; some clunky and clich?d phrasing propped around cardboard characters, maybe, but certainly nothing that would benefit those with ?some knowledge of poetry.?

There is some hope, though. Browsing through the featured fiction section of my local Target last week, I noticed that they primarily consisted of what I?d consider literary works ? literary novels, historical mysteries, essay collections, etc. And for all that Oprah has done wrong ? cobbling together a widespread cult of soccer moms comes to mind ? her book club selections were always well chosen. No chick lit or fiction lite for Oprah?s readers. That?s encouraging, I think.
If only these trends would carry over into Christian readership.

What?s your frequency, Kenneth?

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Comments on "On the Christian's Literary Frequency":
1. Bill - 05/04/2005 3:04 am CDT

I think there's a potential fallacy in assuming that what Lifeway sells is what Christians read. I was in Barnes and Noble last night (bought the Phantom Tollbooth and my daughter Bethany bought two Lemony Snickets books). They had a lot of C.S. Lewis there - I almost bought the Space Trilogy (my copies are lost) but decided to wait until next month.

In other words, I don't think there's really much evidence to go on that Christians are any less or more well-read than anyone else. Modern Christian fiction may be bad, but the reasons for that may be deeper/more complex than just "Christians like junk". I personally think it's very hard to pull off a good overtly Christian-themed story within the context of fiction. And I'd rather not read (for the most part) stories about Christianity that are made up (aka, fiction) when I can read plenty of Christian narratives about things that have actually happened.

This is probably not making sense. I guess I'm just saying that I don't think the problem is as bad as we think. "Christian fiction" is just a weird genre and I'm not surprised that the pickings are a bit slim there.

But, again, most Christians I know don't buy their fiction at Lifeway.

2. Bill - 05/04/2005 3:08 am CDT

Loved the Hideous Strength quote, by the way. C.S. Lewis was a master.

3. blestwithsons - 05/04/2005 3:13 am CDT

I was just re-reading C.S. Lewis' Collected Letters last night and noting how, even at the time, Perelandra was sadly unappreciated. I agree with your point whole-heartedly. Raising our children with a taste cultivated towards a higher level of reading - steak rather than brain candy - is essential, don't you think? I'm reading Swiss Family Robinson - the original version - with my seven year old right now. It's packed with college level vocabulary and solid Christian morality... and he LOVES it. He begs every night for another chapter.

4. blestwithsons - 05/04/2005 3:25 am CDT

Another thought... I would imagine that the problem of a lack of appetite for "solid food" in the printed realm also results in an increased tendency to replace reading the Bible with the works of Max Lucado.

5. Jared - 05/04/2005 4:13 am CDT

Blestwithsons, good points, and good for you (and your family) for cultivating more refined tastes in your little ones!
---

Bill, I think I see what you're saying. You may be right that Christians don't read more substantive literature at any lesser rate than non-Christians. I'd be willing to guess that for every non-Christian who reads literary novels, there are at least 1-2 Christians who read theological non-fiction works.
So what you're saying is that Christian bookstores don't really serve Christian consumers but rather a certain sort of Christian consumer? If so, you might have a point.

See, I can handle disagreement. ;-)

6. Bill - 05/04/2005 4:16 am CDT

Very possible.

I would, again, suggest that we determine first if there is really a problem. Walking through the fiction aisles of your typical Christian bookstore can be scary, definitely. But I think people frequent Christian bookstores more for the music selection and the non-fiction than the fiction. The fiction may be bad because there's not much demand for Christian fiction (other than Left Behind, I guess - which may blow my theory)

There are more theological resources available to Christians these days than ever before. Many of them are online. I can get to nearly every available Bible version, many commentaries, greek and hebrew resources, etc, from my computer these days.

There are far more bookstores (and they are WAY bigger now) than ever before. Certainly than when I was growing up. Christians frequent those bookstores too.

Just wanting to make sure we're not making assumptions that aren't true.

7. Bill - 05/04/2005 4:17 am CDT

Arggh!

My "Very Possible" comment was directed at Blestwithsons, not you, Jared. You wrote your comment as I was writing mine.

Reading them in order makes me sounds like a huge JERK. Sorry!

I may be right, I may be wrong. I honestly don't know. Just giving food for thought.

8. Kevin - 05/04/2005 6:39 am CDT

How do you think the speed-up of life and society plays into this topic?

I find poetry very intimidating. When I get it, I love it, but it's pretty hit and miss. Poetry lacks guideposts. When I go to read a book, I get to look at the jacket and get a flavor for the book. When I look at a poem, I have to take the whole thing in to know where it's going.

TS Elliot's Love Song of J Alfred Prufrock, for example. I heard a snippet of it on an AIG commercial, and loved it. I went out on the net and finally found it, and loved the whole thing. The key was that I knew I was going to connect with it. I would love to have some kind of reference to genre's of poetry that I might enjoy. Right now, it's all just one big, scary mass of people smarter than me writing things that I probably won't ever understand.

As for Christian fiction, I barely register that there is such a thing. The few attempts I've made to read Christian fiction from the last 50 years all seem to rely on the protagonist being divinely inspired. I gave up on the idea a long time ago. I enjoy MacDonald, and ya'll have me re-reading Lewis's space trilogy, but I don't connect with books about people overcoming ridiculous odds magically because they are Christian.

Your post was brilliant and challenging, and I too loved the quote from THS. I can't wait to get back to that point.

9. Jeff - 05/04/2005 6:52 am CDT

I don't read much fiction Christian or otherwise; I read more biographys, Christian non-fiction, philosophy, etc. BUt i think the writing of the blog has a good point.
My son read with my wife Swiss Family Robinson recently and he really enjoyed it (although we were disappointed in the movie), but i wish i knew of some GOOD Christian fiction for children that would grip his attention, so that we wouldn't have to keep reading his "Captain Underpants" books. He is 9...maybe he would be able to understand the Chronicles of Narnia??

10. Phil Aldridge - 05/04/2005 7:15 am CDT

I find it sad when, as a Christian, I find myself being touched and stretched and challenged by non-Christian authors like John Fowles and Frank Herbert, and not at all by modern Christian authors.

As it stands, if I ever want to be challenged and strengthened by literature, I know to never set foot in a Christian bookstore. That's sad.

11. Jared - 05/04/2005 7:15 am CDT

Jeff, I think 9 is an ideal age for the Narnia books. Go for it!
---

The point has been raised a few times, and I think it's correct, that Christians don't read much fiction period, Christian or otherwise. In the original version of this post at my solo blog and in other posts on similar subjects, I have speculated as to why this is so. I think it's true for a variety of reasons, not the least of which is that Christians today are trained to seek out literature they believe is "helpful" or "practical" (and fiction doesn't cut it) and that Christians today have perhaps inherited some of the Puritan literary ethos that thinks of fiction as somehow frivolous, wasteful, and/or even "lying.";"0

12. Jared - 05/04/2005 7:22 am CDT

Phil A., I'm with you, even as it pertains to non-fiction. I'm to the point where I'd rather peruse the theology sections at Borders or Barnes and Noble.
If I want a good, wide variety of theology texts by authors from various traditions -- charismatic, Anglican, Reformed -- I don't go to a Christian bokstore.

And I don't really read any Christian fiction that was written after 1960.
My reading basically breaks down into two categories: Christian theological or otherwise substantive non-fiction, and "secular" literary novels. I stray outside those two genres occasionally, but that's it. I'd love, however, to contribute to a renaissance of literary quality in Christian fiction. And I'm trying. ;-)

13. DLE - 05/04/2005 8:07 am CDT

As a writer myself, I hate to promulgate this theory, but it is one that we must not ignore: Perhaps most Christians in America prefer escapist books to true literature.

Most people I speak with about books confess they read for enjoyment and escape rather than to have their minds sharpened. A look at the last thirty years in Christian fiction bears this out, with Christian romance novels paving the way for other, more ambitious works. And still, those more ambitious works are not literature unless you believe that This Present Darkness is on par with Les Miserables.

Why is this case? Well, why do Europeans find Americans to be boors? Is popular American culture less valuable to the average person compared with European high culture? Most Americans would say no. And as you move closer to the heartland, the most Christian part of America, the no becomes even louder.

And let me say this about what passes for American AND European literature today: it just plain sucks! It's devoid of morality (unlike the old lit), it recycles philosophies like communism or socialism (that have failed miserably), and it speaks nothing but negativism to the human soul (again, unlike some of the classic lit.) As a Christian, I find it absolutely awful and I have a more open mind to some things compared with my Christian brethren who are buying the escapist stuff and just loving it. I know Jared is a big fan of Paul Auster, whom some consider American lit, but his Oracle Night was one of the worst books I've ever read.

Also, America is based on story. The storytelling tradition here is amazingly strong, and some of our most beloved authors (Twain jumps to mind immediately) were at heart marvelous storytellers. Most lit today is lacking in story or tries to be cutting edge by abandoning storyline altogether. That doesn't fly with Americans. Nothing grips us more than a well told tale. We find those tales in our escapist books, no matter how lightweight some might consider them.

So in closing, I believe that the fact that most American Christians are not reading lit says more about the overall sorry state of today's lit than it says about the boorishness of American Christians. Perhaps the little old lady who always sits in the front pew and likes to curl up with a cozy mystery knows more about a good book than the tweed-wearing lit prof at Amherst.

14. Jared - 05/04/2005 8:20 am CDT

my Christian brethren who are buying the escapist stuff and just loving it. I know Jared is a big fan of Paul Auster, whom some consider American lit, but his Oracle Night was one of the worst books I've ever read.

Am I missing something as to how these two sentences are related? Are you saying Auster is escapist fiction?

"Oracle Night" is not one of his better works, but it's far from being one of the worst books I've ever read. There's no accounting for taste, I suppose.

As a writer and a reader, I tend to appreciate the "experience" of fiction, regardless of the style or plot, and I'd rather read a generally plotless novel written well and chock-full of Big Ideas than a strongly plotted novel written woodenly that doesn't really say anything. Which is why I prefer Auster and DeLillo to Clancy and Collins. The latter ones may be more entertaining if one's only interested in standard plot devices, but I don't personally get anything out of them (usually).

I also tend to draw a distinction between Plot and Story. There are lots of novels that seem plotless but nevertheless tell a story.
But, again, I think taste plays a big part here.

You mention Christian conviction, as well, and I hope my own spirituality is not called into question by my reading of secular literary novels (the French love Auster, btw, and read him like Americans read Stephen King -- maybe that says something both about the French and Auster!). Not sure what it says about me, but I have appreciated the interplay of Fate and Chance in Auster's works, as well as the deceptive simplicity he employs, especially in his early works, in which apparently straightforward detective (The New York Trilogy) or Bildungsroman (Moon Palace, Mr. Vertigo) plots tell stories about the nature of human identity and the nature of time.
I also like the way he treats writing and telling stories as forms of creation.

I find all of those ideas, not superficially evident in his apparently "plotless," "meaningless" stories, quite conducive to my Christian theistic philosophy.
But, again -- matter of taste.

15. Bill - 05/04/2005 8:24 am CDT

The only caveat to the Barnes&Noble/Borders theology sections is that it helps to be, as Jared is, well-versed in who believes what, who is helful and who is not, etc. Someone who is a new Christian or relatively naive could head to Barnes&Noble and easily pick up a work by Spong or one of the Jesus Seminar folks and have their faith trashed.

I'm not saying that we should avoid difficult and/or challenging ideas, just that for new Christians there is safety in the "box" you get at Lifeway or Grapevine.

16. Jared - 05/04/2005 8:49 am CDT

Bill, you're right. I didn't mean that I like having access to heresy and heterodoxy in my book perusal. I just meant that a wider variety of orthodox perspectives would be nice. Just a greater selection, is all.
But you're right that a new Christian or a Christian "new" to theology is safer perusing LifeWay than Borders, especially if he can't match certain names with certain viewpoints.

17. Brian in Fresno - 05/04/2005 11:08 am CDT

There are a lot of so-so books out there both fiction and non-fiction, both Christian and Secular. Only a few are going to rise to the top. Language is becoming more utilitarian and simple. Kind of a , "Just the facts, ma'am." thing. I don't know how many times I've heard people say something along the lines of, "Just say it". I think one of the things that plagues our language is the advertising industry with the continuious search for something that will stop us in our tracks and make us think of nothing else. This has come full swing to the extent that many ads now have little or nothing to do with the object or subject being advertised.

People also don't want to work that hard anymore and I think this could easily be due to time constraints and outside demands on one's time.

I think this discussion also holds true for music as well.

I can listen to U2 and often feel like I've been to church while much "Christian" music leaves me cold.

The cream rises to the top wheter it be Dostoevsky or Mozart.

On the other hand I can say that one of the best stories I've ever read was Jaws, while I couldn't get through The Joy Luck Club.

18. DLE - 05/04/2005 6:08 pm CDT

Jared, did not mean to take you to task! Just saying that I didn't like one example of a modern lit writer and Auster fit that for me--I know he's been mentioned here before.

Also, Oracle Night contains all the things I mentioned in my previous post that I despise in modern lit:
1. Contempt for the "regular/escapist" reader. Auster had a great mystery going with his subplot about the man who chooses to disappear then accidentally imprisons himself in a place where no one could find him. That hooked me 1000%, but then Auster's writer character throws it all away. If that says something about the craft, well, it was heavy handed and uninspired.

2. Moral bankruptcy oozes out of the ending. The idea that we are simply hurtling toward fate and neither goodness nor badness makes a difference is typical of modern lit.

3. There is not one positive thing in the story. It is grim and ends grimmer. Like so much modern lit, it is the embodiment of nihilism.

That's the state of modern lit. Why would most Christians, especially women (who read 70% of the Christian books) want to read that?

Some of the older classics, though, do have something to say. I think I have mentioned this before, but Thornton Wilder's The Bridge of San Luis Rey is phenomenal lit, while also managing to be an excellent story with powerful characters and a killer moral. I wish more people could write books like that. I know I hope to one day.

No way am I impugning anyone who reads secular books, lit or not. For many years Douglas Adams was my favorite author and we all know he was a spokesman for the whole atheist movement.

BTW, who would you deem modern lit? Vonnegut, Faulkner, Hemingway, Proulx, Auster, Guterson, Frazier? What about Gibson, Wodehouse, or Palahniuk? I've enjoyed Ishiguro (though I was partial to Vonnegut in my youth and still love "Harrison Bergeron.") I'm a huge fan of Kafka, but is he "lit?"

19. DLE - 05/04/2005 6:13 pm CDT

Oops, dropped an italic tag there.

20. Jared - 05/05/2005 3:17 am CDT

Dan, I didn't think you were taking me to task, really. I was just a little confused by the transition from "escapist reading" to me reading Auster.

I don't think Auster has contempt for escapist readers. He just doesn't write for them. If not having them in mind when one writes a book is contempt, then you may as well say that Jackie Collins and Jerry Jenkins have contempt for me because they don't write books for people like me.

It's been a while since I read "Oracle Night," so I don't remember all the details, but I don't recall reading it nihilistically. The spectre of the Holocaust falls over the entire novel, for one thing, and I'm not sure we can expect a writer who is not a Christian to acutely grasp the nature of human evil as we do.
Perhaps the man who cannot escape from the locked room (until someone helps him?) is symbolic of the inescapability of the problem of evil. I don't believe, as you seem to, that Auster denies goodness is preferable to evil. I don't think he'd ever suggest that.
Here's a brief bit I posted at my solo blog a while back that highlights Auster reflecting on evil right after "Oracle Night" was released:
http://thinklings.org/jared/index.php?p=244&more=1&c=1

That piece was actually posted on the heels of an earlier piece of mine lamenting modern lit's failure to deal with evil. I was actually refreshed that at least Auster was wrestling with it. Again, I do not agree that he is dismissive of it. But he's not a Christian, and we can't expect him to illustrate the Christian concepts of sin and evil in his works.

You might also want to peruse my Auster category at Mysterium Tremendum. There aren't a lot of posts there, but there's a brief primer on the man's work and a few posts that hopefully illustrate why he is my favorite modern novelist.
---

To answer another of your questions:
I'm not sure what qualifies as "Modern Lit" anymore. Technically speaking, I assume Modern refers to 1900-1950; that's what it seemed to refer to in my college lit classes. The British Modernists I studied were Orwell, Auden, Eliot, Woolf, etc. Even Lewis might fall into that category, although he reflected Classicism and Romanticism more than his Modernist contemporaries.
But today when we say "modern," we mean "contemporary." So if I say "modern literature," I typically just mean anyone publishing novels today.

21. HG - 01/04/2010 4:13 pm CST

What about the bell curve? Isn't all of society (including Christians) composed of folks all along the intelligence spectrum? Some will never read a book, some will read only the most basic genre fiction. That's why this type of stuff hits the bestseller lists over and over again-- the majority of readers can understand it. Only those at the upper end of the bell curve have the mental energy to tackle some of the chewier writing. I don't think we have to make everyone into postgraduate students.

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